Bridges and viaducts › Maidenhead Railway Bridge
Maidenhead Railway Bridge
Brunel's brick bridge over the Thames at Maidenhead, opened in 1839: two very flat arches of 128 ft (39 m) span and 24 ft 3 in (7.4 m) rise, in a bridge about 743 ft (226.5 m) long.
- Opened
- 1 July 1839; widened for four tracks in 1890-92
- Line
- Great Western Main Line
- Kind
- Brick arches with gritstone dressings
- Length
- About 743 ft (226.5 m)
- River arches
- Two, each 128 ft (39 m) across and 24 ft 3 in (7.4 m) in rise
- Flood arches
- Four on each bank: one of 21 ft (6.4 m) and three of 28 ft (8.5 m)
- Width
- 30 ft (9.1 m) as built; 57 ft 3 in (17.5 m) since the widening
- Train drawn
- Elizabeth line Class 345
unverified Some of these figures haven’t yet been checked against an official source or a published history. What’s in doubt ↓
Four times larger
Close up
At 10 px a metre, the scale of the train drawings, so the train is the size it is on its own page. Each is cut from the same drawing.
Sources
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Show the 8 sources from Isambard Brunel, Longmans, Green, Buckinghamshire Heritage Portal, Wikipedia and 5 more
- The Life of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, Civil Engineer Isambard Brunel (jr), Longmans, Green (Project Gutenberg 41210), 1870, pp. 173-174'two of the flattest, and probably the largest arches ... in brickwork'; the river 'about 290 feet wide'; a small shoal under the centre pier; foundations on the gravel conglomerate over the chalk; main arches semi-elliptical, each 128 ft span and 24 ft 3 in rise; four semicircular arches either side, one of 21 ft and three of 28 ft span; radius at the crown 165 ft; flat arches loaded with concrete behind the river arches; Fig. 1 a longitudinal section with a scale of feet (read: pier width, water line, deck and parapet lines, soffit)
- Maidenhead Railway Bridge (building record MBC18260) Buckinghamshire Heritage Portal, read 9 November 2026'two wide semi-elliptical arches'; 128 ft across a rise of 25 ft 3 in; four semicircular flood arches on each bank, three of 28 ft and one of 25 ft (read as 21 ft: see unverified); the central pier on Guards' Club Island, projecting, with corner pilasters; gritstone coping over a bold gritstone cornice with roll moulding and a plain frieze; Doric pilasters; gritstone impost bands; 'fine red brick with Bramley Fall gritstone dressings'; 1837-9 section 30 ft wide, widened 1890-3 either side, 'exactly replicated the originals', soffits a few inches higher; about 700 ft long; 'north (up) elevation identical'; Brunel's bridge now largely encased
- Maidenhead Railway Bridge Wikipedia, read 9 November 2026span 128 ft each, rise 24 ft; opened 1 July 1839; flood arches 21 ft 0 in (6.4 m; the short ones) and 27 ft 11 in (8.5 m); 771 ft (235 m) long and 29 ft 10 in (9.1 m) wide as built; widened 30 ft to 57 ft 3 in, 1890-92 (Sir John Fowler), Cattybrook brick over the London stock brick; Doric pilasters between the river and bankside arches; pier on a small island; Grade I since 2012
- The history of the Maidenhead Bridge Network Rail, read 9 November 2026rise 24 ft, span 128 ft, two shallow spans; opened 1 July 1839 for two broad gauge tracks; widened 1890-92 to four standard gauge tracks, 30 ft to 57 ft 3 in; one pier in the river on a small island
- Maidenhead Bridge: a compilation of quotations (s00710) thames.me.uk, read 9 November 2026the Life of Brunel's passage; Railway Magazine 1837: the abutments raised above the water line; a 1929 survey (total length 778 ft, 30 ft wide, 60 ft after 1891)
- OpenStreetMap OpenStreetMap contributors (ODbL), read 8 November 2026the length on the line, 743 ft (226.5 m); the central pier's polygon centred 383 ft (116.6 m) from the west end; the line's 125 mph (201 km/h); electrified; four tracks
- Maidenhead Railway Bridge (photographs: Geograph 2070890, 7756993, 205312, 689746, 2877589, 767623, 3671227; Maidenhead Bridge - FGW 43009) Wikimedia Commons (geograph.org.uk photographers and others), looked at online 9 November 2026the face's layers (ring, cornice, frieze, brick, coping), the pilastered piers, the flood arches' places and rough heights, the colours, and how much of a train shows over the parapet; credit: the geograph photographers, CC BY-SA 2.0
- Line routes, Elizabeth line (Unified API route sequence) Transport for London (Powered by TfL Open Data), fetched 7 October 2026the Elizabeth line's route to Reading, which crosses the bridge (OSM names two of its bridge ways 'Elizabeth Line')
unverified
- The layout of the flood arches: four semicircular arches a side, one of 21 ft and three of 28 ft (the Life of Brunel, 1870; the Buckinghamshire HER and Wikipedia agree except that the HER says 25 ft for the small one, which would be 24 ft 11 in (7.6 m) against the 21 ft 0 in (6.4 m) Wikipedia gives, so 21 ft is drawn). Which way round they run (the 21 ft arch beside the river arch, drawn from three photographs) and every pier between them (8 ft; the pilastered pier beside each river arch 14 ft) are estimated. The BRG39 re-check (9 November 2026) read the pilastered pier as perhaps about 25 ft wide on one photograph (Geograph 2070890); drawn at 14 ft until a second reading settles it (Kyle, BRGR, 9 November 2026).
- The length and the ends: OSM's bridge way is 743 ft (226.5 m), drawn; the published lengths differ (the HER 700 ft, a 1929 survey 778 ft, Wikipedia 771 ft (235 m)). The abutments (96 ft west, 74 ft east) are what the length leaves after the arches and piers, placed so the central pier stands where OSM's pier polygon centres it (382.5 ft from the west end); the wing walls and the embankments are not drawn.
- The river arches' rise: 24 ft 3 in (the Life of Brunel, Grace's Guide via Wikipedia) is drawn; Network Rail and the infobox say 24 ft, the HER 25 ft 3 in. The arches are drawn as true half-ellipses (the radius at the crown is then 169 ft against the Life's 165 ft); the 1890s arches' soffit is 'a few inches higher' than Brunel's (HER) and is not distinguished.
- The central pier's width at the springing (30.7 ft) is read off the Life's Fig. 1 woodcut at its printed scale (4.95 px a foot; 40 ft at the foundation); the HER and the Life give no pier width. Its sides are drawn battered 1 in 40 below the springing; the foundations are under the water.
- Heights over the water: the river arches' crown 31.1 ft over the water line (Fig. 1 woodcut; the infobox's unlabelled 32 ft 2 in is close), their springing 6.9 ft; the flood arches' crowns 29.6 ft, 1.5 ft under the river arches' (BRG39 re-check, 9 November 2026: the coping's top to the flood crown over the coping's top to the river crown reads 1.13 on Geograph 2070890, and 14.5 and about 13.5 ft under the top on Geograph 7692921 and Flickr 31030846385 by the parapet's own layers; first drawn at 25 ft), the banks 3.5-4.5 ft over the water (perhaps 5-7 ft higher, as the BRG39 re-check read on one photograph; left as drawn, Kyle, BRGR, 9 November 2026) (the Thames path photographs; EU-DEM reads 13 ft 1 in to 18 ft 1 in (4-5.5 m) but includes trees and buildings, so it was not used); the water line itself is 'normal' only by assumption.
- The parapet: 13.1 ft from the river arches' crown soffit to the coping's top, read on the Fig. 1 woodcut (the far parapet beyond the cut) and on Geograph 2070890, 5893373 and 7756993. Its layers, re-read on 2070890, 7756993 and Flickr 31030846385 (BRG39 re-check, 9 November 2026): ring and spandrel brick 4.8 ft, a pale gritstone band 0.8, the dark weathered gritstone cornice 3.3, the parapet's brick 3.4, the coping 0.8. The photographs differ by up to about 1 ft a layer (the near ones look up at it), and the line between the cornice and the frieze is not drawn.
- The rail: drawn 4.2 ft under the parapet's top (3.3 ft over the pale band's top), set from a photograph of a High Speed Train crossing (Commons: Maidenhead Bridge - FGW 43009), where the train's windows and roof show over the parapet. No drawing gives the deck or track levels; the deck line in Fig. 1 is 6.3 ft over the crown's soffit.
- The ring (4.0-4.5 ft of brick, drawn the same on the flood arches) and the imposts (a 1.5 ft gritstone band 0.4 ft proud): estimated; no thickness is published.
- The corner pilasters (2.5 ft wide) on the central pier and on the two pilastered piers: the pilasters' positions follow the HER's description ('the central pier ... projecting and articulated by corner pilasters'; Wikipedia: Doric pilasters between the river and bankside arches), their width and height (to the cornice's foot) are estimated from photographs.
- The colours: medians read off Geograph 2070890 (sunlit) and 7756993 (overcast) in the BRG39 re-check (9 November 2026): the brick a muted red (drawn #B26655 between the two), the parapet's brick darker and browner (#8F5547), the cornice a dark weathered grey (#5F5A55; also 5893373), a pale gritstone band at its foot, the coping mid grey (#77746C); the first drawing's orange-red brick, red frieze and buff coping were set by eye.
- The widening: the original arches are drawn nowhere (Brunel's own face is behind the 1890s one on both sides); the 1890s chamfered step between old and new, seen from below, is not drawn. Which of the two faces is Fowler's south or north work is not published (the HER: 'on the south side'; the HER's own 'north (up) elevation identical').
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